Buchholz's psi-functions

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Buchholz's \(\psi\)-functions are a family of functions \(\psi_\nu:(\omega+1)\times\textrm{Ord}\to\textrm{Ord},\;\alpha\mapsto\psi_\nu(\alpha)\) defined by Wilfried Buchholz in 1984.

Historical background

In 1950, H. Bachmann defined the first ordinal collapsing function, Bachmann's \(\varphi\). While able to succinctly describe the Bachmann-Howard ordinal as \(\varphi_{\varepsilon_{\Omega+1}}(0)\)[Citation needed], Bachmann's \(\varphi\) had a complicated definition

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